My magic postbag reveals an enquiry about severing a joint tenancy in divorce. Sounds painful – what’s that about then?
Well, most couples who own property own it jointly in one of two ways. They will own it as either:
- beneficial joint tenants; or
- tenants in common
Beneficial joint tenancy
This means that you own the property jointly and neither of you can point to a specific share in the property. You will both need to consent to a sale or a re-mortgage. Most importantly, you cannot leave instructions to a lawyer to pass on your interest in a beneficial joint tenancy under your Will. This means that when you die, your interest in the property passes automatically to your fellow joint owner or owners.
Tenancy in common
You still own the property with your fellow owner but you will both have distinct shares. This may be 50/50 or 70/30 and so on. You can sell your share or charge it (raise a mortgage loan on it). But, if you die, your interest will not pass automatically to your joint owner but will instead go to the person you have named as the beneficiary under your Will. You can therefore see that it is vital that you have a Will in place if you have a tenancy in common. If there is no Will, or the Will is deemed to be invalid, there will be an intestacy and your share may go to someone you’d rather not benefit.
Severing a beneficial joint tenancy
Don’t panic. Severing a joint tenancy in divorce is straightforward. Not a drop of blood in sight. A severance means that you wish to change a beneficial joint tenancy into a tenancy in common. So why would I want to do that, you ask?
Well, one example, familiar to my clients, is a situation where divorce proceedings are being pursued or are being contemplated. The spouses or partners are suddenly out of love and fighting for their share in the equity (the value of the property after taking off any mortgage charges and sale fees). In those circumstances they are not best pleased to hear that, should they die before the completion of the divorce process, their share will automatically pass to the other, surviving, spouse. To prevent this happening, your solicitor can prepare a Notice of Severance. Once this document is signed and sent to your spouse it has the effect of ‘severing’ the beneficial joint tenancy and converting it into a tenancy in common. Then, of course, you will be told to prepare a Will, pronto, to define where your ‘severed’ share in the property should go in the event of your death.
At the same time, whilst dealing with a new Will, it would be necessary to change the executor of your Will as your old Will may say it will be your (soon-to-be-ex) spouse. The decree absolute in divorce would set aside your spouse as an executor anyway and this would leave your estate without an administrator if additional executors were not appointed.
If you have a solicitor acting for you then they would normally ask you to sign two copies of the Notice of Severance, and both would then be sent to your spouse (or their solicitors). A request would be made for one of the forms to be signed and returned so that this version (bearing both spouses’ consent) can be registered at District Land Registry and the record of the property ownership will be amended.
Anyone contemplating preparing a Notice of Severance and sending it to their spouse or partner should think carefully and take advice. Even if divorce is inevitable, there may be children of the marriage. If you were to die before the divorce is finalised, would you really object to your spouse automatically being given your share of the beneficial joint tenancy which would then ensure there was a home for your children?
Tags: divorce, land registry, Notice of Severance
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if my new partner signs over the proprty to his ex does he still have to fill n a form e1
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My husband left at the beginning of March and I have already spoken to a solicitor. it has been suggested that I Sever the Joint tenancy of the matrimonal home to ensure that in the event of my death my share of the matrimonal home passes to my children, making a new Will at the same time. My question is that in doing this would be be perseved as being ‘a little quick of the mark’ given the fact that he only left a few weeks ago? All I want to do is protect my children’s interest in their family home given the fact that their father has been having an affair and has now set up home with another women.
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I am a tenant in common (we were never married) and have just been served with a severance of JOINT tenancy, a question to ask if I may?
The notice is not noted as or accompanied by a “without prejudice” letter and is dated during May 2012 but posted 2nd class over a week later. The notice states that the tenancy and equity is to be split “in shares to be agreed”.
Does any of this have a bearing on the serving of the notice?
Previous correspondence from my ex partner’s solicitor continually refers to the former matrimonial home and states I have never made payments on the mortgage at any time (untrue but she, and her solicitor refuse to acknowledge requests for my bank statements still at the property), dates and amounts of purchase etc are incorrect, as are the dates given for when I lived at the property, her solicitor also referred us to an arbitration service which she refused to attend. Several charges have been placed against the property in her name but amounts unknown.
The property was purchased under English Law, I now live in Scotland and have huge problems trying to get legal representation especially the distance to a solicitor and the cost as I work part time.
Thanks in advance.
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Apologies as there is a light addition to the above;
the covering letter states a Notice of Severance is enclosed, the notice itself states “my desire to sever the joint tenancy……….in shares to be agreed”, does the “desire to sever” mean a notice has been served or just indicate that this is intended?
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Many thanks for your detailed and helpful reply, the bank statement issues go back much further than 6 years and show that all mortgage payments were met solely by myself up to and beyond the time I left the property.
I have yet to acknowledge the notice mainly due to the “shares to be agreed” comment, presumably the notice is classed as served without my acknowledgement and it’s now a case of waiting to hear how she wishes to split the share?
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I’m currently in joint tenancy with my husband for a house bought a year after our marriage with his inheritance from the sale of his parents house.
If he serves me with tenants in common and proves the money came from the inheritance, can he claim full title to the house?
We also have a flat which we lived in during our first year of marriage and we still have a mortgage on this property so I’m sure this will be sold and monies split equally?
We do not have any children. -
Hello,
my partner and his wife have been separated for nearly three years. They drew up an agreement to divide the assets remaining in their joint home. Since my partner is unable to re-mortgage in the current climate, his solicitor drew up a decree of severence. His wife’s solicitor told her it was worthless.
They have recently been to mediation and his wife has been told that it is in her best interests to sign the decree and proceed with the divorce, since my partner has already been more than generous with the settlement he has given her.
The mortgage company have verbally confirmed that they would act on any decree of severence, passed by a court of law, and on the actual decree there is space to fill in the gaps for date of hearing, name of court etc.
My question is; does the form need to be signed in a court or can it be signed beforehand? If it can be signed beforehand, do you then get it stamped in the divorce court?
We are trying to avoid any more solicitors’ fees and tie this up ourselves but are unsure of the process required and would appreciate your guidance.Many thanks
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I own 3 properties with my partner and we have lived together for 10 years although not married. All properties are owned jointly but I realise this is now wrong as if anything happened to me then my son from my previous marriage would not automatically inherit.
I am having difficulties with my partner now and we are deciding whether to go our separate ways. If I sever the tenancy would the shares be automatically equal or could he argue as he earns more than me? Also what happens to savings which are in my name only?
I would like everything to be fair and we drew up a declaration of trust on our property we live in – would this apply to future properties we have subsequently bought? -
thank you for your reply.
I realise I haven’t been very clear. Having looked again at the wording on the Notice of Severence, which was drawn up by my partner’s solicitors in 2010, it is, indeed a consent order, with a case number. My partner’s ex is happy to sign it.
My question is where will it go to court? Will it be processed as part of the divorce proceedings or does it need to be dealt with separately and, if so, what is the procedure we need to follow, please?
Finally, I have simply changed the date on the consent order to 2012, instead of 2010. Will the case number on the consent order still be valid?Thanks again for your time and trouble
Julie
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